Nigute wahitamo indege yo gutwara amatungo?

Vuba aha, amajyaruguru yakonje bidasanzwe, kandi ageze ku munsi w'ikipe y'isoko, nizera ko ba nyirayo benshi mu matungo bazagira imbaraga zo kuguruka abana babo mu majyepfo kugira ngo bamarane imbeho ishyushye. Ariko, amatungo yo kuguruka mu kirere burigihe adutera guhangayikishwa n'ingaruka zishobora kubaho mugihe cyo gutwara abantu. Hoba hariho uburyo bwo kugabanya ibyago byimpanuka? Ni hehe ba nyirubwite bagomba kwitondera? Uyu munsi tuzamenyekanisha uburyo bwo guhitamo indege mugihe dutwara amatungo?

Mu myaka irenga 10 ishize, iyo utwaye amatungo, ufatanije cyane kandi kenshi ubazwa abafite amatungo ari ukuba hari ogisijeni mu mizigo yari ifite, kandi niba hari icyumba cya ogisijeni? Amatungo azahumeka agapfa? Ibi mubyukuri ntabwo ari ingingo zingenzi. Indege idafite ibyumba bya ogisijeni ni ibicuruzwa kuva kera, hashize igihe kinini. Muri iki gihe, imizigo y'indege ifite ibyumba bya ogisizeni, kandi sisitemu yose yo kuzenguruka ikirere yinjira mu kayira kandi igasubira mu kabari, igashyiraho gahunda yo gutembera. Kubwibyo, guhumeka ntibyigeze bigira ikibazo na ogisijeni.

Usibye icyumba cyimizigo imbere ninyuma, indege igezweho nayo ifite agace kagira gake aho inyamanswa zibaho nkinjangwe nimbwa zisanzwe zishyirwa. Guherekeza inyamanswa ni imizigo y'abakozi b'indege n'abagenzi ba mbere, niyo yabanje gutwarwa mugihe cyo gupakira no gupakurura. Kubera ko atari ogisijeni itera akaga mugihe amatungo asuzumwa nindege, niki?

Usibye ogisijeni, amatungo ya buri munsi nayo akeneye ubushyuhe bukwiriye kubaho. Niba ubushyuhe ari hejuru cyane, bazabura kandi bakababara cyane, nubwo ubushyuhe buciriritse, bazababazwa na hypothermia amaherezo bakabohora urupfu. Kugumana ubushyuhe bukwiye kugirango ubeho gutunga ni urufunguzo rwo kubaho mugihe uguruka.

Gusubira mu kibazo cy'ibishushanyo by'indege, hari itandukaniro rito hagati yimizigo ifata hamwe na kabine itwara abagenzi. Imizigo ifata gusa imikorere yo gushyushya, ntabwo ari umurimo ukonje. Indege zimwe zishobora kuba zifite ubushyuhe mu mizigo ifata cyangwa ngo utangire ubushyuhe muri moteri, bigenzurwa no guhinduranya ku iherezo ry'ikidereti. Ugomba kumenya ko mugihe indege iguruka hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwo hanze bujyanye na selisiges 30 gusa, kandi imiryango yicyumba cyimizigo ntabwo ifunze nkumuryango wa kabine, ntabwo rero bikenewe gukonja na gato. Birashoboka gusa ko icyumba ngengamizi gikonje cyane.

Dushingiye ku mahame yo gushushanya imizigo y'indege afite, dushobora kwiyumvisha akaga injangwe n'imbwa bishobora guhura nabyo mugihe cyo gutwara:

1: Mu gihe cy'itumba mu majyaruguru, inyamanswa zisanzwe zigomba gutangwa ku bakozi ba serivisi binyuze mu madirishya yihariye y'amasaha 2-3 nyuma y'amasaha 2 mu Burayi no muri Amerika), hanyuma ajyanwa na Busi ya Shurti kuruhande rw'indege, hanyuma ugashyirwa mububiko bwimizigo bukabije. Kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza indege iguruka ahantu hirengeye kandi ihindukirira ubushyuhe, inyamanswa zizabaho ahantu hakonje cyangwa ibidukikije bikonje cyane. Indege imaze kugera ku butumburuke, umuderevu ihinduka igikoresho cyo gushyushya mbere yuko itangira gushyuha. Niba indege ishaje cyangwa igikoresho cyo gushyushya ntabwo ari cyiza, ubushyuhe bushobora gushyuha gusa kuri dogere 10. Umuderevu azasinya kumenyesha umutwaro udasanzwe kuri kapiteni mbere yuko indege ihaguruka, ikubiyemo ikintu gitandukanye kumizigo idasanzwe - inyamaswa zizima, zikamwibutsa kwitondera imizigo, urugero inzira yo gutwara.

2: Mu ci, tutitaye ku majyaruguru cyangwa mu majyepfo, ubushyuhe bwo hanze burashyushye cyane. Niba ubushyuhe bwo hanze burenze dogere 30, ubushyuhe mu mizigo ifata byibura dogere 40-50 cyangwa hejuru. Kuva muri Busi ya Shuttle Youngubu, Itungo rizahura n'akaga ko gushyushya no kubura umwuma. Ntabwo ari nyuma yiminota 20 indege ikuramo ubwo bushyuhe mu mizigo ifata ibitonyanga ku rwego runaka umuderevu uhinduka ubushyuhe bwo kubuza ubushyuhe kandi ari ukubera ko injangwe nyinshi ziva mu butayu no gushyushya muri.

Nigute dushobora kwirinda impamvu rusange y'urupfu ku masoko iyo uguruka?

1: Gerageza guhitamo indege nini y'abagenzi n'indege ebyiri z'umubiri wa Aisle. Mubisanzwe, imizigo ifata indege nto ntabwo ifite ubushyuhe bwibikorwa, ikoreshwa mu kugabanya ubukonje mu mizigo ikwirakwizwa cyangwa gukurura moteri. Nka Boeing 737 hamwe na Airbus 320, bikunze kwishyurwa. Indege nini ya Aisle, moderi nshya zindege, irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho byubushyuhe nubushyuhe bushinzwe kugenzura ubushyuhe muri buri gariraga. Abaderevu bashinzwe kugenzura bashishikaye kandi bagenzura ubushyuhe bwimizigo ifata amatungo mazima, nka Boeing 787, 777, Airbus 350, nibindi.

Iyo uhisemo indege, abafite amatungo bazabona rwose ko indege zimwe zaranzwe nko kutemerera amatungo yo kugenzurwa nubushyuhe bwindege, bushobora kuganisha ku rupfu rwubutaka kandi ntacyo rushobora gukora Hamwe niba hari urugereko rwa ogisijeni.

2: Hitamo indege hamwe nitandukaniro rito ryubushyuhe nubushyuhe bwiza cyane mugihe cyigihe. Kurugero, mumajyepfo cyangwa mugihe cyizuba, gerageza guhitamo indege mugitondo cyangwa nimugoroba. Umwuka hanze uri gukonjesha cyane kuruta saa sita, kandi ubushyuhe mu mizigo bifata neza amatungo. Nyuma yo kuguruka hejuru, umuderevu arashobora gufungura umushyitsi uko bikwiye kugirango amatungo atumva ashyushye cyangwa akonje.

Mu majyaruguru cyangwa imbeho, gerageza guhitamo indege hafi ya saa sita, haba hasi cyangwa mu kirere, uko ubushyuhe bworohewe kwirinda hypothermia iterwa n'ubukonje bukabije.

Inzigo zavuzwe haruguru nizo zose zikenewe abafite amatungo bakeneye gukora mbere mbere yo kugenda. Guhitamo ibidukikije byiza kandi bifite umutekano ni ngombwa kugirango twohereze amatungo.