Kugeza ubu, indwara nyamukuru zigira ingaruka ku buzima n’umusaruro w’inkoko ziteye ni MS, AE, IC, ILT, IB, H9, nibindi. Ariko kubijyanye nigihombo cyubukungu bwumurima, IB igomba kuba kumwanya wambere. By'umwihariko, inkoko kuva muri Mata kugeza muri Kamena 2017 zanduye cyane IB.

1 、 Kwiga kubitera indwara

Abantu bose bamenyereye indwara ya IB. IBV ni virusi nyinshi ya serotype. Inzira nyamukuru yo kwandura ni uburyo bwo guhumeka, cyane cyane bugira ingaruka ku myanya y'ubuhumekero, sisitemu y'imyororokere, sisitemu y'inkari, n'ibindi. Kugeza ubu, ikibazo cya QX ni cyo cyorezo nyamukuru cy'icyorezo. Dukoresha kandi urukingo runini mu Bushinwa, harimo inkingo nzima kandi zidakora. Ikoreshwa cyane ni ubwoko bwa misa: Ma5, H120, 28/86, H52, W93; 4/91 ubwoko: 4/91; Ldt3 / 03: ldt3-a; Ubwoko bwa QX: qxl87; Urukingo rudakora M41 nibindi.

Indwara z'ubuhumekero zihoraho n'indwara z'ubuhumekero zisubiramo nizo mpamvu nyamukuru zitera kwandura IB. Izi ndwara zombi zituma inzira yubuhumekero mucosa yinkoko yangirika inshuro nyinshi.

Nkuko twese tubizi, kurinda IB ahanini biterwa na antibody ya mucosal, kandi inzira nyamukuru yo kwandura ni uburyo bwubuhumekero. Kwangirika kwinshi cyangwa gusubiramo kwinshi bituma igabanuka ryikingira ryikingira ryurukingo rwa IB rikorwa mugihe cyinkoko nubworozi, bigatuma kwandura IBV.

By'umwihariko, ahantu hakunze kwibasirwa niyi ndwara ni imirima mito yinkoko ikomeza kwinjira mu nkoko, itari yose mu nkoko no hanze yayo, idafite ubusa kandi irimo ubusa iyo isoko ari ryiza, imirima ya polyculture itandukanye. imyaka yitsinda ryinkoko, hamwe nugushira mugukoresha imirima yororoka hamwe na automatike yo hejuru.

None niki gitera indwara zubuhumekero zihoraho nindwara zubuhumekero zisubira mugihe cyo kubyara no gukura? Ni ibihe bimenyetso n'uburyo bwo kubikumira?

Ubwa mbere, umuyaga ukonje

Impamvu y'indwara

Guhumeka cyane, ikibazo cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe, kwinjira mu kirere hafi yinkoko, agaciro k’umuvuduko ntiguhagije, icyerekezo cyumuyaga cyasubiye inyuma, inzu yinkoko ntabwo ifunze cyane, hariho umuyaga w abajura, nibindi.

Ibimenyetso bya Clinical

Mu buryo butunguranye, imitekerereze y’inkoko yarushijeho kuba mibi, kurya buri munsi ibiryo byagabanutse, amazi yo kunywa aragabanuka, amajosi yabo aruma, amababa yabo yari mabi kandi adahungabanye, imyenge imwe cyangwa yombi yizuru yarasobanutse, barasunika kandi bakorora auscultation nijoro. Niba atari ukwirinda no kuvura ku gihe, bizaba ari kwandura kwa kabiri hamwe nizindi ndwara.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura

Hitamo igihe cy'ubushyuhe buke kumunsi, wumve impinduka zubushyuhe hafi yinkoko zirwaye, shakisha inkomoko yumuyaga ukonje, ushake intandaro, kandi ubikemure neza.

Niba umubare w'abanduye uri munsi ya 1% by'abaturage, inkoko zizakira bisanzwe nyuma yo guhindura umwuka. Niba ibonetse nyuma kandi umubare w'abanduye ukaba urenga 1% by'abaturage, tugomba gufata tylosine, doxycycline, Shuanghuanglian n'indi miti yo gukumira no kuvura dukurikije indwara.

Icya kabiri, guhumeka gato, ammonia nizindi myuka yangiza birenze igipimo

Impamvu y'indwara

Kugirango ushushe, igipimo cy’ivunjisha ni gito cyane, kandi gaze yangiza mu nkoko ntisohoka mugihe. Byongeye kandi, fermentation idasanzwe yifumbire yinkoko iterwa no kwiyuhagira bidatinze no gutemba kwamazi yo kunywa byonsa nabyo ni impamvu yindwara.

Ibimenyetso bya Clinical

Amaso y'inkoko yari yarahindutse, arasinziriye na lacrimal, kandi amaso ye yari atukura kandi arabyimba, cyane cyane murwego rwo hejuru cyangwa ahasohoka. Inkoko nke zarakorora zirasunika. Iyo abantu bagiye, inkoko zikunda kuryama. Iyo abantu baza, inkoko zimeze neza mumutwe. Nta mpinduka igaragara mu kugaburira no kunywa amazi.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura

Ukurikije igipimo ntarengwa cy’ubuhumekero, igipimo cyo guhumeka cyagenwe. Iyo kubika ubushyuhe hamwe n’igipimo cy’ubuhumekero ntarengwa, kubungabunga ubushyuhe ntibyirengagijwe kugira ngo igipimo cy’ubuhumekero gito.

Kugirango twongere ubushyuhe bwinzu yinkoko, dukwiye gutekereza kurinda ikirere no kubika ubushyuhe bwinzu yinkoko. Gusimbuza ku gihe amabere yatembye, guhindura igihe uburebure bwumurongo wamazi, kugirango wirinde kumeneka kwamazi kubera gukoraho inkoko.

Sukura umwanda winzu yinkoko mugihe kugirango wirinde gaze yangiza iterwa na fermentation.

Icya gatatu, umuvuduko mubi, hypoxia

Impamvu y'indwara

Inkoko ifunze ifite ubwinshi bwumwuka mwinshi hamwe nu mwuka muto winjira, ibyo bikaba bitera umuvuduko mubi winkoko kurenza urugero mugihe kirekire kandi inkoko zikabura ogisijeni mugihe kirekire.

Ibimenyetso bya Clinical

Nta mikorere idasanzwe yari mu nkoko. Inkoko nyinshi zashizwemo imbaraga zo guhumeka nijoro, cyane cyane kubutaka butose. Umubare w'inkoko zapfuye wariyongereye. Guterana na necrosis byabaye mu bihaha bimwe by'inkoko zapfuye. Rimwe na rimwe, guhagarika foromaje byabaye muri trachea na bronchus.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura

Umuvuduko mubi urashobora guhindurwa muburyo bukwiye ukoresheje guhinduranya inshuro kugirango ugabanye umwuka mwinshi wumuyaga cyangwa kongera ubuso bwinjira. Inkoko zifite uburwayi bukomeye zavuwe na doxycycline na neomycine.

Icya kane, ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe buke

Impamvu y'indwara

Bitewe n'umwihariko w'imiterere ya anatomique ya sisitemu y'ubuhumekero y'inkoko, usibye guhana ogisijeni na dioxyde de carbone, guhumeka kw'inkoko na byo bikora umurimo w'ingenzi wo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Kubwibyo, mubidukikije byubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe buke, sisitemu yubuhumekero yinkoko irihutirwa cyane, kandi mucosa yu myanya yubuhumekero irashobora kwangirika, bikaviramo indwara zubuhumekero.

Ibimenyetso bya Clinical

Inkoko zerekanaga dyspnea, kwagura ijosi, gufungura umunwa, kuzunguza umutwe n'ibindi bimenyetso. Mwijoro, inkoko zagize inkorora, gutaka, gutontoma nandi majwi yubuhumekero. Trachea yinkoko zapfuye zari zuzuye, kandi inkoko zimwe na zimwe za trachea na embolism zabaye gusa.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura

Iyo ubushyuhe bukwiye, witondere kongera ubushuhe mu kirere cy’inkoko, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’inkoko, ubuhehere bukwiye ni kimwe mu bintu bikenewe kugira ngo ubuzima bw’inkoko bugerweho. Antibiyotike yunvikana nka enrofloxacin, doxycycline n'imiti igabanya ubukana bwo kwirinda no kuvura.

Icya gatanu, isuku yinzu yinkoko irakennye, kandi umukungugu urenze urwego rusanzwe

Impamvu y'indwara

Mu gihe c'itumba, umwuka mwinshi w'inzu y'inkoko uba muto, inzu y'inkoko ntabwo isuku, kandi umukungugu wo mu kirere urenze cyane ibisanzwe.

Ibimenyetso bya Clinical

Inkoko zirasunika, zikorora, kandi zinuba cyane. Nyuma yo kwinjira munzu yinkoko, urashobora kubona umukungugu ureremba mukirere. Nyuma yiminota mike, imyenda yabantu numusatsi byose ni umukungugu wera. Indwara z'ubuhumekero z'inkoko ntizakira igihe kirekire.

Ingamba zo gukumira no kugenzura

Iyo ubushyuhe bwemewe, ubwinshi bwumwuka mwinshi ugomba kwiyongera kugirango usohore umukungugu uva mu nkoko. Byongeye kandi, gusukura mugihe cyinzu yinkoko, guhumeka no kugabanya ivumbi nuburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho umukungugu. Birakomeye hamwe na tylosine, Shuanghuanglian nibindi byo gukumira no kuvura.