Ahari imibu, hashobora kubaho indwara yumutima
Umutimaindwara nindwara ikomeye yinyamanswa yonsa. Ibikoko nyamukuru byanduye ni imbwa, injangwe na ferrets. Iyo inyo ikuze, iba cyane cyane mumutima, ibihaha hamwe nimiyoboro yamaraso yinyamanswa. Iyo inyo ikuze igatera indwara, hazabaho indwara zikomeye z'ibihaha, kunanirwa k'umutima, gukomeretsa no gupfa kw'izindi ngingo.
Umutima wumutima nikintu kidasanzwe. Ntishobora kwanduzwa hagati yimbwa, injangwe ninjangwe, imbwa ninjangwe. Igomba kwanduzwa binyuze mu bunzi. Muri Amerika, indwara y’umutima ikwirakwira muri leta zose uko ari 50, ariko yibanda cyane mu kigobe cya Mexico, ikibaya cy’uruzi rwa Mississippi n'ahandi, kubera ko aha hantu hari imibu myinshi. Hariho indwara zandura mu bice byose by'igihugu cyacu, kandi umubare w'abanduye mu turere tumwe na tumwe urenga 50%.
Imbwa nizo ntandaro yinzoka yumutima, bivuze ko inzoka zumutima ziba mu mbwa zishobora guhuza no kubyara. By'umwihariko, abantu ntibazandura indwara z'umutima ziva mu matungo. Gusa mu bihe bidasanzwe, abantu barashobora kwandura indwara yumutima nyuma yo kurumwa n imibu yanduye. Ariko rero, kubera ko abantu atari bo babakira, ubusanzwe liswi zipfa mbere yo kwimukira mu mitsi yumutima nibihaha.
Gukura k'umutima mu mbwa
Indwara yumutima ukuze iba muri sisitemu yumutima nimiyoboro yimbwa. Abakuze b'igitsina gore babyara microfilariae, kandi amagi atembera mu bice bitandukanye n'amaraso. Nyamara, izo microfilariae ntishobora gukomeza gutera imbere, kandi bakeneye gutegereza ko imibu ihagera. Iyo umubu urumye imbwa yanduye, iba yanduye na microfilariae. Mu minsi 10-14 iri imbere, iyo ibidukikije n'ubushyuhe bikwiye kandi umubu ntukicwe, microfilariae ikura ikavamo liswi yanduye kandi ikibera mu mubu. Ibinyomoro byanduye birashobora kwanduza imbwa kuruma gusa kugeza igihe umubu wongeye kuruma indi mbwa.
Bifata amezi 6-7 kugirango livine yanduye ikure mumitima ikuze. Abakuze bongeye gushyingiranwa, kandi igitsina gore kirekura urubyaro rwabo mumaraso yimbwa kugirango barangize ukwezi kwose. Ubuzima bwinzoka zumutima zikuze zimbwa ni imyaka 5-7. Abagabo bafite uburebure bwa 10-15cm naho igitsina gore gifite uburebure bwa 25-30cm. Ugereranije, imbwa zanduye zigera kuri 15. Indwara zanduye zigera kuri 250. Umubare w’inyo muri rusange usuzumwa n’umutwaro w’inyo. Binyuze mu bikoresho byo gupima amaraso, isuzuma rya antigen rirashobora kumenya neza umubare w’abakobwa bakuze mu mbwa, kandi ikizamini cya microfilariya gishobora kwemeza ko mu mbwa nta bantu bakuru gusa ahubwo bafite na liswi.
Hariho amahame amwe n'amwe yo kugenzura inzoka z'umutima muri Amerika: igenzura rya mbere ry’indwara z'umutima rishobora gutangira nyuma yuko imbwa imaze amezi 7; Abafite amatungo bibagiwe igihe cyanyuma cyo kwirinda indwara yumutima; Imbwa zirahindura imiti ikoreshwa cyane yumutima; Vuba aha, najyanye imbwa yanjye ahantu hasanzwe h'umutima; Cyangwa imbwa ubwayo iba ahantu hasanzwe h'umutima; Nyuma yo gusuzuma, kwirinda indwara yumutima bizatangira.
Ibimenyetso no kwirinda indwara zanduza umutima mu mbwa
Uburemere bwindwara yumutima ifitanye isano itaziguye numubare winyo mumubiri (umutwaro winyo), uburebure bwanduye hamwe nubuzima bwiza bwimbwa. Inyo nyinshi mu mubiri, igihe kinini cyo kwandura, nimbwa ikora cyane kandi ikomeye, kandi ibimenyetso bigaragara. Muri Amerika, indwara yumutima igabanyijemo ibyiciro bine. Urwego rwohejuru, niko indwara ikomeye.
Icyiciro cya 1: ibimenyetso simusiga cyangwa byoroheje, nko gukorora rimwe na rimwe.
Icyiciro cya 2: ibimenyetso byoroheje kandi biciriritse, nko gukorora rimwe na rimwe n'umunaniro nyuma yo gukora ibintu biciriritse.
Icyiciro cya 3: ibimenyetso bikomeye, nkumunaniro wumubiri, uburwayi, inkorora idahoraho numunaniro nyuma yibikorwa byoroheje. Ibimenyetso byo guhumeka no kunanirwa k'umutima birasanzwe. Ku cyiciro cya 2 nicya 3 byumutima filariasis, impinduka mumutima nibihaha bikunze kugaragara kumatuza X-X.
Icyiciro cya 4: bizwi kandi nka syndrome ya vena cava. Umutwaro w'inyo uremereye kuburyo amaraso asubira mumutima ahagarikwa ninyo nyinshi mumitsi yamaraso. Indwara ya Vena cava yangiza ubuzima. Kwihutira kubaga byihuse byumutima ninzira yonyine yo kuvura. Kubaga ni akaga. Nubwo ari kubaga, imbwa nyinshi zifite syndrome ya vena cava amaherezo zipfa.
FDA yemeje ko melassomine dihydrochloride (amazina yubucuruzi immicide na diroban) ishobora guterwa kuvura indwara yumutima wo mu cyiciro cya 1-3. Umuti ugira ingaruka nini, kandi muri rusange ikiguzi cyo kuvura gihenze. Birasabwa kwipimisha kenshi, X-ray no gutera inshinge. Kugira ngo microfilariae ikurweho, FDA yemeje undi muti, inyungu nyinshi ku mbwa (imidacloprid na moxikeding), aribyo "aiwalker".
Muri Amerika, ibiyobyabwenge byose byemejwe na FDA kugirango birinde indwara ziterwa n'umutima ni imiti yandikiwe, harimo ibitonyanga n'ibinini byo mu kanwa bikoreshwa ku ruhu (Ewok, itungo rinini, imbwa Xinbao, n'ibindi), kubera ko prophylaxis yumutima itazica inzoka z'umutima zikuze, ahubwo ni umutima. kwirinda imbwa zanduye indwara yumutima ukuze birashobora kwangiza cyangwa byica. Niba microfilariya iri mumaraso yimbwa, ingamba zo gukumira zishobora gutera urupfu rutunguranye rwa microfilariya, bigatera ihungabana nka reaction ndetse nurupfu rushoboka. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gukora ikizamini cyo kwirinda indwara yumutima buri mwaka iyobowe ninama zabaganga. "Kuramya Chong Shuang" ni umuti wica udukoko ufite inkombe ityaye. Ntabwo yibasira microfilariae mu buryo butaziguye, ariko igerageza kwirinda kurwara imibu no guca umurongo wogukwirakwiza hagati, mubyukuri ni byiza cyane.
Ahanini, kwirinda indwara yumutima ni ngombwa kuruta kuvura. Nkuko bigaragara mubyerekezo byikura ryinzoka zumutima zasobanuwe haruguru, guhinga imibu nisano ikomeye. Ubuzima bushobora kwizezwa gusa no guca inzitiramubu. Ibi bizaba byiza cyane kubwa imbwa ndende zifite umusatsi, mugihe imbwa ngufi zifite umusatsi zikeneye kwitabwaho cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-23-2022