Imwe

Vuba aha, abafite amatungo bakunze kuza kubaza niba injangwe nimbwa zishaje bikeneye gukingirwa mugihe buri mwaka? Ku ya 3 Mutarama, mperutse kubona inama na nyiri itungo rinini ryimyaka 6. Yatinze amezi agera kuri 10 kubera icyorezo ntiyongera kubona urukingo. Yagiye mu bitaro kwivuza ihahamuka hashize iminsi 20, ariko nyuma arandura. Gusa bamusuzumye afite ikibazo cyo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe kandi ubuzima bwe bwari ku murongo. Nyir'inyamanswa ubu arakora ibishoboka byose kugirango ubuzima bwe bugaruke. Ubwa mbere, ntamuntu numwe wari witeze ko ari inzoga, yakekaga ko ari hypoglycemic guhungabana, washoboraga gutekereza.

Icya mbere, hagomba gusobanurwa ko imiryango yose y’ubuvuzi y’amatungo yemewe muri iki gihe yemera ko “inkingo z’amatungo zigomba gutangwa mu gihe gikwiye kandi ku gihe kugira ngo birinde inkingo zikabije”. Ndibwira ko ikibazo cyo kumenya niba inyamanswa zishaje zigomba gukingirwa ku gihe rwose ntabwo arikintu abafite amatungo yo mu rugo mubushinwa bahangayikishijwe cyangwa baganira. Byaturutse ku bwoba no guhangayikishwa ninkingo zabantu mu Burayi no muri Amerika, nyuma biza gukura mu matungo. Mu nganda z’amatungo y’i Burayi n’Abanyamerika, hari izina ryihariye kuri ibi, “Gutinda gukingira”.

Hamwe niterambere rya interineti, buriwese arashobora kuvuga yisanzuye kumurongo, bikavamo umubare munini wubumenyi budasobanutse bwongerewe bitagira akagero. Naho ikibazo cyinkingo, nyuma yimyaka itatu ya COVID-19, abantu bose bazi neza uburyo ireme ryabaturage b’abanyaburayi n’abanyamerika ari rito, niba koko ari bibi cyangwa atari byo, muri make, kutizerana gushinga imizi mu bitekerezo by’abantu benshi, ku buryo Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima rizashyira ku rutonde “Gutinya inkingo” nk’ikibazo cya mbere ku isi mu mwaka wa 2019. Nyuma yaho, Ishyirahamwe ry’amatungo ku isi ryashyize ahagaragara insanganyamatsiko y’umunsi mpuzamahanga wa 2019 w’ubumenyi bw’amatungo n’amatungo “Agaciro k’inkingo”.

Urebye ibi, ndizera ko abantu bose bazashaka kumenya niba koko ari ngombwa gukingirwa ku gihe, kabone niyo itungo ryaba rimaze gusaza, cyangwa niba hazabaho antibodiyite zihoraho nyuma yo gukingirwa gake?

Babiri

Kubera ko mu Bushinwa nta politiki, amabwiriza, cyangwa ubushakashatsi bifitanye isano, ibyo navuze byose biva mu mashyirahamwe abiri y’amatungo arengeje imyaka 150, Ishyirahamwe ry’amatungo ry’Abanyamerika AVMA n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’amatungo WVA. Amashyirahamwe asanzwe yubuvuzi bwinyamanswa ku isi arasaba ko amatungo yakira inkingo zisanzwe ku gihe kandi ku bwinshi.

Dukurikije amategeko y’ibihugu bitandukanye byo muri Amerika, abafite amatungo bagomba guhabwa inkingo z’ibisazi ku matungo yabo ku gihe, ariko ntibahatirwa kubona izindi nkingo (nk'inkingo za kane cyangwa kane). Hano, dukeneye gusobanura ko Amerika yatangaje ko ikuraho burundu virusi zose z’ibikoko by’ibikoko, bityo rero intego yo kwakira inkingo z’ibisazi ni ukugabanya gusa impanuka zishobora kubaho.

Ishyirahamwe ry’amatungo magufi ku isi ryasohoye “Amabwiriza y’isi ku rukingo rw’imbwa n’injangwe” muri Mutarama 2016, ryashyizeho urutonde rw’inkingo z’ibanze z’imbwa zirimo “Urukingo rwa Canine Distemper Virusine, Urukingo rwa Canine Adenovirus, n’urukingo rwa Parvovirus Ubwoko bwa 2”, hamwe n’ibanze inkingo z'injangwe zirimo “Urukingo rw'injangwe Parvovirus, Urukingo rwa Cat Calicivirus, n'Urukingo rwa Herpesvirus”. Nyuma yaho, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika ry’ibitaro by’inyamanswa ryavuguruye ibirimo kabiri muri 2017/2018, Muri verisiyo iheruka 2022, haravuzwe ngo "imbwa zose zigomba guhabwa inkingo z’ibanze zikurikira keretse zidashoboye kuzakira kubera uburwayi, nka kineine distemper / adenovirus / parvovirus / parainfluenza / ibisazi ”. Kandi byavuzwe cyane mumabwiriza ko itegeko ryiza mugihe igikingo gishobora kuba cyararangiye cyangwa kitazwi ni 'niba ushidikanya, nyamuneka urukingo'. Duhereye kuri ibi, birashobora kugaragara ko akamaro k'inkingo zamatungo mubijyanye n'ingaruka nziza zisumba kure gushidikanya kuri enterineti.

Muri 2020, Ikinyamakuru cy’ishyirahamwe ry’amatungo ry’Abanyamerika cyatangije kandi gihugura abaveterineri bose, hibandwa kuri “Uburyo abahanga mu buvuzi bw’amatungo bahura n’ikibazo cyo gukingirwa”. Iyi ngingo yatanze ibitekerezo byibiganiro hamwe nuburyo bwo gusobanura no kuzamura abakiriya bemeza badashidikanya ko inkingo zitera ingaruka ku matungo yabo. Abafite amatungo ndetse n'abaganga b'amatungo bagamije ubuzima bw'amatungo yabo, ariko abafite amatungo bahangayikishijwe cyane n'indwara zitazwi kandi zishoboka, mu gihe abaganga bahangayikishijwe n'indwara zandura zishobora guhura nazo igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Bitatu

Naganiriye ku kibazo cy'inkingo na banyiri amatungo benshi haba mu gihugu ndetse no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi nabonye ikintu gishimishije cyane. Ikibazo gihangayikishije cyane abafite amatungo mu Burayi no muri Amerika ni uko gukingiza amatungo yabo bishobora gutera “depression”, mu gihe mu Bushinwa, abafite amatungo bafite impungenge ko gukingiza amatungo yabo bishobora gutera “kanseri”. Izi mpungenge zikomoka ku mbuga za interineti zivuga ko ari karemano cyangwa zifite ubuzima bwiza, zikaburira ku kaga ko guterwa injangwe n'imbwa. Ariko, nyuma yimyaka myinshi yo gukurikirana inkomoko yibitekerezo, nta rubuga rwasobanuye ibisobanuro byo gukingira, kubona isasu rimwe mumwaka? Kubona inshinge ebyiri mu mwaka? Cyangwa ubona inshinge buri myaka itatu?

Izi mbuga kandi ziraburira kubyerekeye ingaruka zishobora kumara igihe kirekire ziterwa no gukingirwa, cyane cyane ko indwara ziterwa na immunite na kanseri. Ariko kugeza ubu, nta kigo cyangwa umuntu ku giti cye byatanze imibare ku mibare y’indwara na kanseri bijyanye no gukingirwa hashingiwe ku bizamini cyangwa ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku mibare, nta n'umwe watanze amakuru yerekana isano iri hagati y’inkingo n'indwara zitandukanye zidakira. Ariko, ibyangiritse kubitungwa byatewe nibi bitekerezo bimaze kugaragara. Raporo y’imibereho y’inyamanswa yo mu Bwongereza ivuga ko umubare w’injangwe, imbwa n’inkwavu zakingiwe bwa mbere igihe bari bakiri bato mu 2016 wari 84%, mu gihe wagabanutse kugera kuri 66% muri 2019. Icyakora, harimo n’umuvuduko ukabije uterwa na ubukungu bubi mu Bwongereza, bigatuma abafite amatungo badafite amafaranga yo gukingira.

Bamwe mu baganga bo mu rugo cyangwa abafite amatungo bashobora kuba barasomye mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye impapuro z’ibinyamakuru by’inyamanswa, ariko birashoboka ko kubera gusoma bituzuye cyangwa kutamenya icyongereza gike, bagize imyumvire itari yo ivuga ko antibodies zizakorwa nyuma y’ibipimo bike byo gukingirwa, kandi nta mpamvu gukingiza buri mwaka. Ikigaragara ni uko, nk'uko Ishyirahamwe ry’amatungo ry’Abanyamerika ribivuga, ntabwo ari ngombwa kongera gukingiza buri mwaka ku nkingo nyinshi, kandi ijambo ry’ibanze hano ni 'byinshi'. Nkuko nabivuze kare, Ishyirahamwe ry’amatungo mato ku isi rigabanya inkingo mu nkingo z’ibanze n’inkingo z’ibanze. Urukingo rwibanze rurasabwa gutangwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa, aho kubushake bwa banyiri amatungo. Hariho inkingo nke cyane mu Bushinwa, ku buryo abantu benshi batazi inkingo zidafite ishingiro, nka Leptospira, Indwara ya Lyme, ibicurane bya kine, n'ibindi.

Izi nkingo zose zifite igihe cyo kwirinda, ariko buri njangwe nimbwa bifite itegeko nshinga ritandukanye kandi bitanga ibihe bitandukanye. Niba imbwa ebyiri mumuryango wawe zakingiwe umunsi umwe, imwe irashobora kutagira antibodi nyuma y amezi 13, indi irashobora kugira antibodi nziza nyuma yimyaka 3, ibyo bikaba bitandukanye. Inkingo zirashobora kwemeza ko uko umuntu yaba akingiwe neza, ashobora gukomeza antibodi byibuze amezi 12. Nyuma y'amezi 12, hashobora kubaho ibihagije cyangwa no kubura antibodi igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Ibi bivuze ko niba ushaka ko injangwe yawe nimbwa yawe bigira antibodi umwanya uwariwo wose kandi ukaba udashaka kwakira amafuti ya booster kugirango ukomeze antibodi mugihe cyamezi 12, ugomba kugenzura kenshi niba hariho antibodi, nkibizamini bya antibody buri cyumweru cyangwa buri kwezi, Antibodies ntishobora kugabanuka buhoro buhoro ariko irashobora kugabanuka kumanuka. Birashoboka cyane ko antibodies zujuje ubuziranenge ukwezi kumwe gushize, ariko ntibizaba bihagije nyuma yukwezi kumwe. Mu kiganiro muminsi mike ishize, twaganiriye byumwihariko uburyo imbwa ebyiri zororerwa murugo zanduye ibisazi. Ku nyamaswa zo mu rugo zidafite urukingo rwa antibody, ibi ni bibi cyane.

Turashimangira cyane cyane ko inkingo zose zingenzi zidasaba ko zifite antibodi zigihe kirekire nyuma yimiti mike, kandi ntihakenewe izindi nkingo. Nta bimenyetso bifatika, impapuro, cyangwa ubushakashatsi byerekana ko inkingo ku gihe kandi ihagije ishobora gutera kanseri cyangwa kwiheba. Ugereranije nibibazo bishobora guterwa ninkingo, ingeso mbi zubuzima hamwe nuburyo bwo kugaburira siyanse bishobora kuzana indwara zikomeye kubitungwa.